Wednesday, June 6, 2018


Batch script
Batch Scripts are stored in simple text files containing lines with commands that get executed in sequence, one after the other. Scripting is a way by which one can alleviate this necessity by automating these command sequences in order to make one’s life at the shell easier and more productive. This tutorial discusses the basic functionalities of Batch Script along with relevant examples for easy understanding.
Batch scripts are stored in simple text files containing lines with commands that get executed in sequence, one after the other. These files have the special extension BAT or CMD. Files of this type are recognized and executed through an interface (sometimes called a shell) provided by a system file called the command interpreter. On Windows systems, this interpreter is known as cmd.exe.
Functions
Ver functions
This batch command shows the version of MS-DOS you are using
Syntax
Ver
Example
@echo off
Ver
Output
Microsoft windowso[6.3.9600]

Assoc functions
This is a batch command that associates an extension with a file type (FTYPE), displays existing associations, or deletes an association.
Syntax
Assoc – file path
Assoc | find “.doc” > file path
Example
@echo off
Assoc > c:\lists.txt
Assoc | find”.doc” > c:\lists.txt
Output
.doc=word.docment8
.dochtml= word html file

cd functions
This batch command helps in making changes to a different directory, or displays the current directory.
Syntax
Cd
Example
@echo off
Rem changing the program files
Cd\program files
Cd
Rem changing the path to program files
Output
C:\program files

Cls function
This batch command clears the screen.
Syntax
cls
Example
@echo off
Cls
The comment prompt screen will be cleared

Copy function
This batch command is used for copying files from one location to the other
Syntax
Copy[source][destination ]
Example
@echo off
Copy c:\list.txt c:\new folder
Output
All actions are performed as per the remarks in the batch file.

Del functions
          This batch command deletes files and not directories.
Syntax
          Del[file name]
Example
          @echo off
          Del c:\lists.txt
Output
Delete the c directory file

Dir function
This batch command lists the contents of a directory.
Syntax
          Dir
Example
@echo off
Dir *.txt
Output
Give the .txt extension file in dir

Date function
          This batch command help to find the system date.
Syntax
          Date
Example
          @echo off
          Date
Outputs
The current date will be displayed in the command prompt.

Echo function
          This batch command displays messages, or turns command echoing on or off.
Syntax
Echo ”string”
Example
Echo “hello world”
Output
Hello world

Exit function
this batch command exits the DOS console.
Syntax
          Exit
Example
@echo off
Echo “hello world”
Exit
Output
The batch file will terminate and the command prompt window will close.

Md functions
          This batch command creates a new directory in the current location.
Syntax
          Md[directory name]
Example
@echo off
Md newfolder
Cd new folder
Outputs
C:\new folder

Move function
          This batch command moves files or directories between directories.
Syntax
           Move[source][destination]
Example
@echo off
move c:\list.txt c:\new folder
Output
All actions are performed as per the remarks in the batch file.

Path function
This batch command displays or sets the path variable.
Syntax
          Path
Example
          @echo off
          Echo%path%
Output
The value of the path variable will be displayed in the command prompt.
Pause function
          This batch command prompts the user and waits for a line of input to be entered.
Syntax
          Pause
Example
          @echo off
          Pause
Output
The command prompt will show the message “Press any key to continue….” to the user and wait for the user’s input.

Prompt function
          This batch command can be used to change or reset the cmd.exe prompt.
Syntax
          Prompt[newpromptname]
Example
@echo off
prompt myprompt$g
output
The prompt shown to the user will now be myprompt>

Rd function
          This batch command removes directories, but the directories need to be empty before they can be removed.
Syntax
          Rd [directory name]
Example
@echo off
Rd c:\newfolder
Output
All actions are performed as per the remarks in the batch file.

Ren function
          Renames files and directories
Syntax
          Ren[old file name][new file name]
Example
          @echo off
          Ren c:\list.txt c:newlist.txt
Output
the file lists.txt will be renamed to newlists.txt.

start function
          This batch command starts a program in new window, or opens a document
Syntax
          Start”program name”
Example
          @echo off
          Start notepad.exe
Output
When the batch file is executed, a new notepad windows will start.

Choice function
          This batch command provides a list of options to the user.
Syntax
          Choice /c [option] /m [message]
Example
          @echo off
          Echo “what is the file size”
          Echo “a:10mb”
          Echo “b:20mb”
          Choice /c ab /m “what is your option a , b ”
Output
What is the file system
A:10mb
B:20mb
What is your  option a, b




         


















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